Which group has the power to declare war?

The power to declare war is specifically granted to Congress by the U.S. Constitution. According to Article I, Section 8, Congress has the authority to declare war, thereby ensuring that this significant decision is subject to the legislative process and the representatives of the people. This distribution of power serves as a check on the executive branch, preventing unilateral action by the President.

In this context, while the President, as Commander-in-Chief, can direct military forces and respond to emergencies, the initiation of a formal war involves Congressional approval. This safeguard is rooted in the founding principles of accountability and representative governance, allowing elected officials to consider the implications of such a critical action.

Other groups or branches mentioned do not hold the authority to declare war. The Supreme Court, for instance, is part of the judicial branch and is focused on interpreting laws rather than legislative powers, while the Executive Branch encompasses the President and the administrative agencies but does not possess the legislative authority to declare war. This structure reflects the balance of power intended by the framers of the Constitution.